This blog is Year’s Blog Post 2 which contains the information of COVID-19 in Iran. Those tables and interactive figures shows the comparison of Epidemic Situation between Iran and other countries.
The data source I use is a package called coronavirusKrispin and Byrnes (2020), which is made by Rami Krispin. The specific content of this package is a dataset of COVID-19 in the tidy format, and it is derived from coronavirus repository which created by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering.
That data set is tableau data, including 7 columns and 172,700 rows. The variable names are date, province, country, lat, long, type and cases, covering a total of 178 countries. Among them, the three conditions of type, namely “confirmed”, “death” and “recover”, can make people clearly understand the spread and severity of that COVID-19 epidemic.
For this blog entry 2, I divide the structure of the article into the international situation and domestic situation of Iran. First I used kableExtra package Zhu (2019) to make Table for introducing the numeral information, and then I use ggplot2 package Wickham (2016), plotly package Sievert (2020) and ggthemes package Arnold (2019) to create interactive figures for briefly describing the situation. So that you can get the relevant information according to your needs when browsing.
The 2019 coronavirus disease epidemic is a global pandemic caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). The epidemic was first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, people’s Republic of China in December 2019, and then rapidly spread to many countries around the world in early 2020, gradually becoming a global plague. Since January 13, the epidemic has spread to Thailand, Japan, South Korea and other countries. On January 21, it spread to the United States, the first confirmed case outside Asia. At the end of February, the number of confirmed cases in Italy, South Korea and Iran increased rapidly. In the following days, Europe, South America and Africa became the epidemic centers.
As can be seen from the Table 1, as of August 28, 2020, more than 27.571 million confirmed cases have been reported in 188 countries and regions, of which at least 18.524 million people have recovered and at least 897,000 people have died.
| type | total_cases |
|---|---|
| confirmed | 27570742 |
| death | 897383 |
| recovered | 18524391 |
The Table 2 shows the countries with the top 20 confirmed cases in the world, and most of them are distributed in America and Asia. The purpose of this presentation is to give you a better understanding of the severity of the epidemic from the total numbers, and also to compare the countries in the table, so as to give a rough idea of the efficiency and the importance they attach to the epidemic situation.
| country | total | ToHighlight |
|---|---|---|
| US | 6327009 | Other countries |
| India | 4370128 | Other countries |
| Brazil | 4162073 | Other countries |
| Russia | 1032354 | Other countries |
| Peru | 691575 | Other countries |
| Colombia | 671533 | Other countries |
| Mexico | 642860 | Other countries |
| South Africa | 640441 | Other countries |
| Spain | 534513 | Other countries |
| Argentina | 500034 | Other countries |
| Chile | 425541 | Other countries |
| Iran | 391112 | Iran |
The epidemic situation is still not obvious in January 2020. However, due to the indifference of most countries, COVID-19 spread rapidly. In May, the virus began to spread rapidly, and finally developed into a disaster in the world.
From figure 1, We can see a trend of confirmed cases, recovered cases and death cases all over the world. Although the mortality rate of COVID-19 is not high, due to its terrible infection rate and the initial inaction of most people, confirmed cases has soared rapidly. Pay close attention to the second half of the figure again. We can see that the confirmed cases slowed down obviously in August, and the recovered cases began to accelerate, which meantthat the measures of various countries began to receive results.
Figure 1: Interactive Figure For General Situation in the World
Iran, located on the Iranian plateau with a population of about 84 million, is the country with the largest number of newly diagnosed cases in the Middle East. After the COVID-19 outbreak in February this year, Iran added thousands of confirmed COVID-19 cases a day at its worst time.
Although the implementation of strict control measures nationwide, the number of new cases was significantly reduced, and the epidemic situation was contained. However, with the gradual “unsealing”, the epidemic situation in Iran rebounded sharply in June. Recently, more than 2000 cases were newly added in a single day. The above situation is described more clearly in the plots below.
The total population of Iran is 81.8 million. then from the Figure 2 It can be concluded that the total confirmed case of Iran is 391,112, accounting for 0.48%. It is far less serious than that of the United States, India and Brazil, however, as Iran is a developing country and a transportation hub at the core, the difficulty of epidemic control is rising sharply.
Figure 2: Comparison within Top 20 Countries
The Interactive Bubble Figure 3 below is the core of this blog. From that figure, we can clearly know the confirmed cases of the top 20 countries through the bubble size, and then we can know their recovered rate and death rate from the location of the bubble. What’s more, we can get the prevention success rate and the degree of recognition between countries by comparison.
It is clear that Iran is located in the upper middle of the whole figure, which means that Iran has high recovered rate and death rate at the same time. High death rate will be mentioned in the next section. Here we will focus on high recovered rate first.
According to South China Morning Post Zhang (2020), Chinese medical experts and medical supplies arrived in Tehran, the capital of Iran, on February 29. China’s further assistance to Iran is on the way, while other countries and the World Health Organization have begun to provide assistance to Iran. The Iranian government has also listened to the suggestions of the Chinese experts from the leading outbreak country of the epidemic, and sent a special medical team composed of 300000 people on March 3 to carry out door-to-door testing and investigation of the people, and strengthened the screening of infected people. Then on March 5, the Iranian government officially began to implement the “isolation” plan, including the suspension of schools and various educational institutions, the cessation of various sports events, and the prohibition of government officials from international travel.
These are the reasons why Iran can maintain a very high recovered rate. It can be said that if the Iranian government does not receive assistance or listen to suggestions, the consequences will be disastrous.
Figure 3: Interactive Figure For General Situation in Top 20 Countries
Arnold, Jeffrey B. 2019. Ggthemes: Extra Themes, Scales and Geoms for ’Ggplot2’. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ggthemes.
Sievert, Carson. 2020. Interactive Web-Based Data Visualization with R, Plotly, and Shiny. Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://plotly-r.com.
Wickham, Hadley. 2016. Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org.
Zhang, Sarah. 2020. “China Coronavirus Aid Arrives in Tehran as Iran Rebuffs Us Offers.” South China Morning Post. 2020. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3053016/china-coronavirus-aid-arrives-tehran-iran-rebuffs-us-offers.
Zhu, Hao. 2019. KableExtra: Construct Complex Table with ’Kable’ and Pipe Syntax. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=kableExtra.